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Diffusion Dialysis: Leading the Way in Industrial Waste Acid & Alkali Resource Recovery and Low-Carbon Water Treatment
一、Definition
Diffusion Dialysis (DD) is a membrane separation technology driven solely by concentration gradient. It adopts selective ion exchange membranes to allow solute ions such as acid radicals and hydroxide ions to spontaneously diffuse from the high-concentration side to the low-concentration side. The process requires no electric power or external electric field, belonging to a spontaneous physical diffusion separation process, also known as concentration dialysis.
二、Classification
1.Anion Diffusion Dialysis Membrane
The anion diffusion dialysis membrane features excellent acid permeability and high salt rejection rate, as well as good mechanical strength and superior chemical stability. It can efficiently and accurately separate acid from salts and organic substances, and purify and recover industrial waste acid. The regenerated acid solution has high purity and few impurities, which can be directly reused in the original production process to realize the recycling of waste liquid resources.
2.Cation Diffusion Dialysis Membrane
The cation diffusion dialysis membrane has excellent alkali permeability and efficient salt interception effect, with stable mechanical properties and strong chemical corrosion resistance. It is mainly used for the separation and purification of alkali from salts and organic matters. It can effectively recover various industrial waste alkalis. The regenerated lye has stable quality and can be directly reused in the production line, greatly reducing raw material consumption and environmental treatment costs.
三、Advantages
1. Zero energy consumption drive: Driven only by concentration gradient, no power supply required, with extremely low energy consumption and low operating cost.
2. High resource recovery rate: Efficiently recovers waste acid and alkali with high-purity regenerated liquid that can be directly reused in production, greatly reducing raw material costs.
3. Strong working condition adaptability: Operates at normal temperature and pressure with no phase change or secondary pollution, featuring simple process and high safety.
4. Stable & low-maintenance operation: The membrane module is pollution and corrosion resistant. The equipment is highly automatic with simple maintenance and long service life.
5. Eco-friendly & sustainable: Realizes the recycling of waste liquid, reduces hazardous waste discharge, and meets industrial energy-saving, emission-reduction and carbon neutrality requirements.
IntroductionBipolar Membrane Electrodialysis (BMED) is an advanced electrochemical separation technology that utilizes a specialized membrane stack to directly convert salts into their corresponding acids and bases. The core component is the bipolar membrane (BPM), which consists of a cation-exchange layer and an anion-exchange layer laminated together. Under the influence of a direct current (DC) electric field, the BPM catalyzes the dissociation of water molecules at its junction, producing H⁺ and OH⁻ ions. These ions migrate through the membrane stack to react with the anions and cations from a salt feed solution, thereby generating acid and base products simultaneously.
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Electrodialyzer is a core ion separation equipment adopting electrodialysis technology. By applying DC electric field and matching anion and cation exchange membranes, it realizes directional migration and separation of ions in liquid. With simple and reliable structure, it is classified into screw-fastened and hydraulic integrated types for different usage scales. Widely applied in seawater desalination, industrial wastewater treatment, food concentration, pharmaceutical purification and new energy electrolyte processing, it efficiently completes solution desalination, concentration and ionic impurity removal.
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Rubri is proficient in diffusion dialysis technology and is skilled in designing and implementing customized solutions, providing customers with comprehensive green and clean production solutions.
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Rubri is proficient in bipolar membrane electrodialysis technology and is skilled in designing and implementing customized solutions, providing customers with comprehensive green and clean production plans.
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Core Principle of Electrodialysis The core of electrodialysis technology lies in the combination of electric field and selective membrane technology, with the specific principle divided into two parts: 1. Driving effect of DC electric field Under the action of a DC electric field, anions and cations in the solution move directionally: cations migrate toward the negative electrode, while anions migrate toward the positive electrode. 2. Selective sieving effect of ion exchange membranes Two types of ion exchange membranes are used in the system to achieve ion separation: Cation exchange membrane: Only allows cations (e.g., Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+) to pass through, while blocking anions. Anion exchange membrane: Only allows anions (e.g., Cl-, SO42-) to pass through, while blocking cations.
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This technology is based on the principle of bipolar membrane electrodialysis. Under the action of a direct current electric field, it utilizes bipolar membranes to efficiently dissociate water molecules into hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions. This process then directionally converts salts in electroplating wastewater (such as sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, etc.) into corresponding acids (such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid) and alkalis (such as sodium hydroxide), achieving the dual objectives of wastewater purification and resource recovery.
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Core Principle of Electrodialysis The core of electrodialysis technology lies in the combination of electric field and selective membrane technology. Its specific principle is divided into two parts: Driving Effect of DC Electric Field and Concentration GradientUnder the action of a DC electric field or concentration gradient, anions and cations in the solution move directionally: cations migrate toward the negative electrode, while anions migrate toward the positive electrode; solutes move from high-concentration solutions to low-concentration ones. Selective Sieving Effect of Ion Exchange MembranesTwo types of ion exchange membranes are used in the system to achieve ion separation: Cation Exchange Membrane: Only allows cations (e.g., Na⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺) to pass through, while blocking anions. Anion Exchange Membrane: Only allows anions (e.g., Cl⁻, SO₄²⁻) to pass through, while blocking cations.
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Core Principle of Bipolar Membrane Electrodialysis (BPED) The core of BPED technology lies in the combination of electric field, selective membrane technology, and the unique water-splitting capability of bipolar membranes. 1. Driving Effect of DC Electric FieldUnder a DC electric field, ions migrate directionally: cations move toward the cathode, while anions move toward the anode. 2. Membrane Functions Bipolar Membrane (BPM): Splits water ( H2O ) into H+ and OH− ions under the electric field, providing a source for acid and base production. Cation Exchange Membrane (CEM): Selectively allows cations to pass through. Anion Exchange Membrane (AEM): Selectively allows anions to pass through. By arranging these membranes alternately, salts can be converted into corresponding acids and bases.
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