A chiller operates on thermodynamic principles to transfer heat via refrigerant phase change. The vapor-compression cycle involves four key components: compressor, condenser, expansion valve, and evaporator. Refrigerant circulates through these components, absorbing heat at low pressure (evaporator) and rejecting heat at high pressure (condenser). This closed-loop process enables continuous cooling for applications ranging from 5°C chilled water to -40°C process cooling.
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